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Julia Balbilla (Greek: ἡ Ἰουλία Βαλβίλλα, 72 CE – after 130 CE) was a Roman noble woman and poet.〔Plant I. M. ''Women Writers of Ancient Greece and Rome: An Anthology'' University of Oklahoma Press, 2004, chapter 43. ISBN 0806136219, 9780806136219〕 Whilst in Thebes, touring Egypt as part of the imperial court of Hadrian, she inscribed four epigrams which have survived.〔Pomeroy S. B. ''Spartan Women'' Oxford University Press, USA, 2002. p128. ISBN 0198030002, 9780198030003〕 ==Family and early life== Balbilla's family were well-connected members of the royal family of the Kingdom of Commagene, a principality in what is now Turkey which was annexed by the Roman Empire.〔 Rowlandson J. ''Women and Society in Greek and Roman Egypt: A Sourcebook.'' Cambridge University Press, 1998 p310 ISBN 0521588154, 9780521588157〕 Balbilla was the second child of Gaius Julius Archelaus Antiochus Epiphanes and Claudia Capitolina, a Greek woman born in Alexandria. Her older brother was Gaius Julius Antiochus Epiphanes Philopappos. As well as Egyptian and Greek elements, Balbilla's ancestry included Armenian, Median, Syrian and Seleucian lines. Balbilla’s parents were distant cousins. Claudia Capitolina's paternal grandmother was Aka II of Commagene. Aka II was the great granddaughter of Antiochus I Theos of Commagene. Balbilla's father, was the first born child of Antiochus IV of Commagene and Julia Iotapa of Commagene. Both Antiochus IV and Iotapa were descendants of Antiochus I Theos. Balbilla's maternal grandfather, after whom she was named, was Tiberius Claudius Balbilus. Balbilus was a Greek of Egyptian descent. He was an astrologer and a learned scholar. He became one of the highest ranking magistrates of the Equestrian order and was Prefect of Egypt from 55 to 59 CE.〔Lamour D. H. J. and Wilson K. (ed.) ''An Encyclopedia of Continental Women Writers, Volume 1'' Taylor & Francis, 1991, p 74 ISBN 0824085477, 9780824085476.〕 Balbilus and his father, Thrasyllus of Mendes (Tiberius Claudius Thrasyllus), a grammarian and astrologer were friends of the first Roman emperors including Tiberius, Claudius and Vespasian. Balbilla's paternal grandparents, Antiochus IV of Commagene and Queen Julia Iotapa were puppet rulers under Rome. Balbilla was born and raised in Rome in the household of her paternal grandfather, Antiochus IV. Prior to Balbilla's birth, Vespasian, had ordered Antiochus IV to abdicate the thrown of Commagene because of his alleged disloyalty to Rome. Antiochus IV and his brother, Callinicus, were accused of colluding with the Kingdom of Parthia against Rome. It is unknown whether these accusations were true. Vespasian gave Antiochus IV sufficient revenue for a luxurious life in Rome. This afforded Balbilla and her brother a traditional Greek education. The family later moved to Athens where Balbilla’s father, Epiphanes, died at 92 years of age of unknown causes. Capitolina then returned to Alexandria where she married Marcus Junius Rufus, a Roman politician. Capitolina spent her remaining years in Alexandria. Balbilla lived with her for a time then returned to the home of her brother,Philopappos, in Athens. Despite her aristocratic life, Balbilla's status in Rome may not have been secure as her father was not a senator. However, Philopappos did become a senator, serving as a consul until 109 CE.〔Boatwright M. T. ''Peoples of the Roman World.'' Cambridge University Press, 2012, p87. ISBN 0521840627, 9780521840620.〕 This afforded Balbilla connections with Trajan and Hadrian. When Philopappos died in 116 CE, Balbilla built for him a burial monument, the Philopappos Monument, on Musaios Hill, south-west of the Acropolis in Athens. Later, Balbilla married an aristocrat in Athens with no issue. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Julia Balbilla」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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